CHM 1020/CHM 1025C/CHM1032C/CHM2045C

Project/Lab #2: Measurement via Gasoline Project

Assignment & Data Collection/Presentation:
In Chemistry we collect data in the laboratory while performing an experiment.

Our second project concerns measurement and data collection in the field (CHM 1020 has no lab component).

As an experiment/lab, you can do from the 1^st week to the last, we can find out what your energy consumption

and cost are for driving a car. So here is the project which we will start ASAP and finish the last week of the term.
Data Collection (A15/B12: 10-15 weeks) (A7: 5-7weeks)

During the first weeks of class you need to fill your gasoline tank in your car*.

During the course, you will keep a record of all purchases of gasoline noting:

dates, price, amount, cost and odometer reading.

Get receipts and/or keep a diary in your vehicle. It is not necessary to submit the receipts with your project.

If you share the car, make certain the other person(s) get receipts for any gasoline purchases
they might do during the term of the project. It is not necessary to fill your tank with each purchase
, just the first to start, and then the last to complete the project.

Collecting the data is worth 10 points to 30 points, depending on the number of weeks of the project:
A - 7: 5 weeks minimum;
B-12: 10 weeks minimum; and
A-15: 12 weeks minimum.

Project/Lab #2: Measurement via Gasoline Project

Data Presentation: The Final week

After filling your tank, the last week, transfer each purchase to a data page table or in a spreadsheet.

Presenting the data collected in spread sheet format or WORD table is worth (10 Points),

Correctly summing your project totals:

Total #days, Total #miles, Total #gallons, Total #cost (5 Points).

If you do not have the software, a handwritten table will be OK.

Summary of the data Collected

  Some students have a hard time making the calculations to arrive at your totals.

Some students used an online excel spreadsheet from the Internet to record and present gasoline demand.
..but several of the calculations were ridiculous, like 11,000 miles per gallon; cost 0 cents per mile.
..Many of you have the problem of NOT having number sense. A few students from a previous term had
no problem driving a total 292 miles and averaging 12,500 miles per gallon????

If you have never programmed a spreadsheet, maybe you do it the old fashion way with a calculator as described below:

During the last week, after you fill your tank to finish the project, you will determine:

1. The Total Miles driven; the Total Gallons Used; the Total Cost; and the Total Days of the Project.

Total Miles Driven:
Subtract your initial odometer reading from your final Odometer Reading

Total gallon Used:
Sum all your Gallons Purchased, except do not include the gallons recorded in your initial fill-up (Why?)

Total Cost:
Sum all your dollars spent during the project, except the initial fill-up. (Why?)

Total Days:
Use a calendar and count the number of days from the first fill-up to the last fill-up.
(For example: September 3 to December 14 is 27 days in Sept; 31 day in October, 30 days in November, and 14 days in December which totals 102 Days)

2. Then you will compute the average MPG and the average cost per mile for the gasoline.

MPG = Total Miles Driven divided by Total Gallons Used

Average Cost Per Mile = Total Dollars Spent divided by Total Mile Driven

3. You will also calculate your average daily mileage and your average daily gallons of gasoline used:

Average daily Miles = Total Miles Driven divided by Total Days of the Project

Average Daily Gallons Used = Total Gallons Used divided by Total Days of the Project

4. How many times did you exceed 75 miles in one day?

(You may not be able to answer this. During the project, how many times did you go on a trip?
My daughter lives in Holiday, FL with my two granddaughters.
That is 251 miles each way. One or two trips to Holiday for me would skew my average daily miles.)

Statistics say that the average U.S. driver averages 29 miles per day-and this can be skewed
if you took a long trip during the project to see if you are average.
(For me, I live on the Southside and work at North campus, which is 30.9 miles from door to door.
Just to go to work I drive 62 miles per day just to go to and from work. I am not the average driver.)

Are you?

Projections of the data Collected/Calculated

The last part of the project is for you to do the annual projections and summary of CO₂ emissions. This is worth 10 points.

1. What is your annual mileage?

Annual Mileage = your daily average miles driven calculated above multiplied by 365 days in a year

2. What is your projected annual need for gasoline?

Annual Gasoline Demand = Your average daily Gallons Used multiplied by 365 days in a year

7. What would be your annual cost at $2.00 per gallon; $3.00 per gallon; $3.50 per gallon; $4.00 per gallon; $4.50 per gallon; and $5.00 per gallon.

Annual Cost @ $2.00/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $2.00/gallon

Annual Cost @ $3.00/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $3.00/gallon

Annual Cost @ $3.50/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $3.50/gallon

Annual Cost @ $4.00/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $4.00/gallon

Annual Cost @ $4.50/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $4.50/gallon

Annual Cost @ $5.00/gallon = Yearly Gasoline Demand(gallons) multiplied by $5.00/gallon

8. Total Pounds of Carbon Dioxide released into the atmosphere by you every year.

Total Annual CO₂ Released = Total Annual Gallons Used multiplied by 18.7 pounds/gallon

This experiment is equivalent to four small projects (two wet chemistry labs) as it is an intense A-15/B-12:
10-14 week exercise in data collection or an intense A-7: 5-7 weeks exercise in data collection
for 20-60 points depending on the number of weeks data is collected.

(If you have two cars, you may do two projects. The second car will earn extra credit.
Then you may compare the efficiency or lack of for your fleet of autos. If you change cars during the project,
you have to make some estimations-talk with your instructor how to switch cars during the project
and maintain the accuracy of the project Although it will be interesting to see if there is a difference
between the two vehicles, it still count as only one project. Maybe a little extra credit for presentation. 

The chemical reaction for combusting gasoline is:

2 C₈H₁₈ (l) + 25 O₂ (g) à 16 CO₂ (g) + 18 H₂O (g)

Octane burns in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water as products ,which comes out your tailpipe

+

à

+

(Burn 1 gallon put 18.7* Lbs CO₂ in the environment!)

In CHM 1025C & CHM 1020 Chapter 9 introduces Mass Stoichiometry.

(In CHM 2045C Chapter 3 begin stoichiometry)

We will prove the 18.7* lb CO₂/gallon statement when we study chemical reactions
and mass stoichiometry in Chapter 9. Some web sites say 19.7 Lb CO₂/gallon.
On Chemistry professor showed that it was less than 18 pounds Spring Term 2019.

The factor is the density of gasoline. Assuming 100% octane C₈H₁₈, (from the CRC Handbook
is 0.680g C₈H₁₈ = 1 mL However, gasoline is a mixture and the density varies. Alsdo another factor is the % ethanol in the gasoline.

Do not worry about this Calculation until we get to chapter 9 Section 9.2

Show a dimensional analysis setup in your project to prove this in the conclusion of your project.

Unit Factors Needed: 3.79L = 1 Gal 0.680g C8H18 = 1mL 453.56g = 1 lb 1 L = 1000 mL
2.205lb = 1kg 1000g = 1kg 114gC₈H₁₈ = 1 moleC₈H₁₈ 44.0g CO₂ = 1 mole CO₂

*You need to only fill the tank twice, at the beginning and at the end of the project. You will not use the first fill-up in your calculations, except odometer reading. Why?

The instructor may add additional data for you to determine to complete this project after studying chapter 9.

If you do not drive or own a vehicle and can not get cooperation from your family, the instructor will be assigned an alternate energy demand project
(My Electric Demand!) or you may earn partial credit using the data of your instructor’s car (4 years instead of 2-5 months).

Project Conclusion/Summary
Write a summary/Conclusions and statement of what you learned from this project (at least one paragraph).
In your Summary paper, the data above and below states we are doing better conserving our gasoline while
more cars are on the road and the price for the last year or two has dropped 50%! Why? (include a paragraph)

Research the Internet. And see if you can find additional information.

I found the following:
In 2015 the EIA (United State Energy Administration) reported:

How much gasoline does the United States consume?
In 2015, about 140.43 billion gallons (or about 3.34 billion barrels¹) of gasoline were consumed² in the United States,
a daily average of about 384.74 million gallons (or about 9.16 million barrels per day).³ This was about 1.5% less than
the record high of about 390 million gallons per day (or about 9.29 million barrels per day) consumed in 2007.

¹ There are 42 U.S. gallons in a barrel.
² EIA uses product supplied to represent approximate consumption of petroleum products.
Product supplied measures the disappearance of these products from primary sources, such as refineries, natural gas processing plants, blending plants, pipelines, and bulk terminals.
³ Preliminary data for 2015.

We Are Using Less Gasoline Today

U.S. Total Gasoline Retail Sales by Refiners (Thousand Gallons per Day)

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
1983	46,218.3	48,906.1	54,111.7	49,093.7	52,021.3	52,517.2	51,898.0	51,905.6	52,676.3	50,724.3	51,150.8	51,879.1
1984	54,148.6	55,651.7	57,636.0	56,937.0	58,755.9	60,075.0	59,055.7	59,378.3	56,947.3	57,386.5	58,075.3	56,765.8
1985	54,584.3	53,829.7	57,297.6	59,075.2	57,563.7	58,832.1	58,563.3	58,096.1	56,979.0	56,949.0	58,100.7	60,295.9
1986	55,283.0	58,546.4	61,250.4	62,628.9	65,578.7	63,294.1	62,861.8	61,342.4	60,341.9	60,946.1	61,880.4	62,290.2
1987	56,488.6	60,641.1	61,627.2	61,733.5	61,750.0	64,315.2	62,404.8	62,643.9	59,339.3	60,707.9	58,877.0	61,720.2
1988	57,041.0	59,900.3	61,577.5	61,584.1	60,701.3	62,884.1	61,873.2	62,450.0	61,036.1	60,385.3	59,783.1	63,099.8
1989	55,556.8	58,492.6	60,500.1	60,242.0	62,088.7	63,521.0	62,335.0	63,362.0	61,922.8	61,973.6	61,339.0	63,182.4
1990	58,138.0	57,909.4	59,847.0	59,600.5	60,572.2	63,108.6	61,531.0	63,182.0	60,912.1	60,295.1	60,550.6	58,382.1
1991	56,924.5	59,384.5	61,553.8	61,982.0	62,244.9	63,319.4	62,600.6	62,534.0	60,346.2	61,181.3	60,442.9	61,521.7
1992	56,410.9	58,308.6	59,639.5	59,980.2	59,615.2	60,353.3	60,400.3	59,083.7	58,579.1	59,011.8	56,877.6	59,287.9
1993	53,826.6	57,305.3	57,624.8	58,138.7	57,465.8	60,391.1	58,807.7	58,453.0	57,462.3	55,432.4	55,743.5	56,074.7
1994	51,533.7	54,270.1	55,363.8	54,962.1	55,523.0	57,165.3	55,834.5	56,393.4	54,992.9	54,240.5	54,480.4	55,612.3
1995	51,200.2	54,138.2	55,592.4	55,456.8	56,242.2	58,547.4	56,944.0	58,296.8	56,580.9	55,610.5	55,907.4	56,471.5
1996	53,039.9	54,566.8	56,388.2	57,183.4	57,796.4	59,170.9	58,909.8	59,651.5	57,845.3	58,456.2	58,101.4	59,200.7
1997	54,440.6	57,313.3	58,443.8	58,854.0	57,840.1	59,820.3	65,294.2	64,803.7	63,680.2	64,355.2	62,252.8	66,017.1
1998	59,905.7	62,399.8	64,533.5	59,012.3	59,509.7	60,837.0	67,183.3	66,831.0	65,146.9	65,121.8	63,846.8	65,401.5
1999	60,254.0	62,779.7	63,320.2	63,722.4	63,464.7	64,458.4	62,669.7	61,363.0	59,265.4	60,415.4	59,078.1	62,719.0
2000	54,421.0	59,107.2	60,573.0	57,911.6	60,300.4	63,275.5	62,278.2	63,621.8	63,098.0	61,954.7	62,184.7	62,014.2
2001	58,139.5	61,731.0	62,859.5	62,301.3	62,878.9	65,417.0	62,534.2	64,390.5	62,214.2	60,864.4	60,024.8	60,793.5
2002	60,211.7	63,942.2	62,828.5	63,953.3	64,537.0	64,874.0	64,594.2	66,683.5	62,352.4	63,344.8	63,255.8	63,109.4
2003	60,247.9	60,803.4	60,815.8	61,728.4	66,315.5	66,426.5	66,803.1	66,812.7	63,949.0	64,615.5	63,778.4	63,394.5
2004	57,143.8	58,381.7	59,186.2	59,352.6	58,565.7	58,992.8	59,012.0	59,664.1	57,327.4	57,977.1	57,017.9	58,013.6
2005	54,938.7	58,368.8	58,330.0	59,093.3	59,474.5	61,731.9	61,109.4	61,220.9	57,866.5	57,075.2	59,094.7	59,426.1
2006	56,531.8	59,960.4	59,859.7	61,020.8	60,234.0	61,980.4	61,445.8	62,015.9	59,783.4	60,233.2	58,860.2	57,862.5
2007	54,698.1	56,954.9	57,278.7	57,354.7	58,719.6	60,865.7	58,806.7	60,178.5	57,912.9	57,843.2	56,579.0	54,650.0
2008	53,994.1	56,157.4	55,494.8	56,307.4	56,390.6	55,938.5	54,802.5	55,628.2	53,405.9	55,210.7	54,080.6	53,931.5
2009	51,108.7	50,968.4	51,298.4	51,215.6	50,957.0	50,419.6	49,677.9	49,966.5	48,669.6	48,461.0	47,454.3	47,441.4
2010	44,012.3	44,227.1	45,482.4	46,234.2	46,016.2	46,765.3	45,755.3	45,082.6	43,876.0	43,624.1	42,857.0	42,417.1
2011	40,331.0	40,924.9	41,608.1	41,555.0	41,172.9	42,477.2	42,448.3	42,351.8	41,972.6	32,015.0	30,971.6	30,413.9
2012	28,389.9	29,546.8	29,496.5	29,684.0	30,292.5	31,458.8	30,970.7	31,923.9	30,562.6	28,505.3	28,132.8	27,763.9
2013	27,138.8	27,952.0	28,216.4	28,179.6	24,384.0	24,143.9	23,567.1	24,120.5	23,245.9	23,696.7	23,720.4	18,630.2
2014	17,945.5	18,451.6	19,417.2	20,109.1	20,403.3	20,729.0	20,707.7	20,856.6	20,752.6	27,011.0	26,282.1	26,672.1
2015	24,222.5	24,638.9	24,788.2	25,390.7	25,873.6	26,042.4	26,309.2	26,005.0	25,747.8	25,931.3	25,152.0	25,285.8
2016	24,416.3	25,192.1	25,220.5	25,860.0	25,967.6	26,711.1	26,333.6	26,532.9	26,417.5	25,901.1	24,618.4	24,095.3
2017	22,921.3	23,759.0	24,509.5	24,330.4	24,855.6	25,664.7	24,812.9	25,229.3	24,577.5	24,906.8	24,276.3	24,090.2
2018	22,543.8	23,397.7	24,142.7	23,817.7	24,308.2	25,098.9	24,555.5	25,382.6	24,365.1	24,712.2	24,640.4	24,182.4
2019	23,194.3	23,566.3	24,340.2	24,1443	24,689.5	24,949.0	24,798.3	25,860.6	24,058.8

- = No Data Reported;  -- = Not Applicable;  NA = Not Available;  W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Release Date: 4/1/2019

Next Release Date: 5/1/2019

Update of Gasoline Usage in the United States

URL: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MGFUPUS1&f=A

Average U.S. gasoline usage lowest in 3 decades, study says (Automotive News March 2015)

With improvements in vehicle fuel economy, U.S. drivers’ average gasoline consumption is the lowest it’s been in at least 30 years,
according to research by the University of Michigan released today.

The number of gallons of gasoline used per person, driver, vehicle and household is below rates in 1984,
when the study was first conducted, according to researcher Michael Sivak of the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute.

In 2013, gallons of gasoline consumed per person (392) fell 17 percent from 2004, gallons used per driver (583) fell 16 percent,
and gallons used per household (1,011) fell 19 percent. 2004 was the year of maximum consumption for those categories.

URL: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_psup_a_EPM0F_VPP_mbbl_a.htm

Article Continues:

Gallons used per vehicle (524) dipped 14 percent from 2003, which was its maximum consumption year.

Even though population grew 8 percent from 2004 to 2013, total fuel consumed by light vehicles decreased 11 percent, Sivak said in a statement.

In 1984, annual fuel consumption rates were slightly higher than in 2013: 400 gallons per person, 608 gallons per driver, 602 gallons per vehicle and 1,106 gallons per household.

The study also found that the number of vehicles and distance driven per person, driver, vehicle and household are at their lowest since the 1990s, the statement said.

The declining number is driven not only by economic factors, but also rises in telecommuting and use of public transportation, Sivak said.

“The reductions in the fuel-consumption rates reflect, in part, the added contribution of the improvements in vehicle fuel economy,” he said in a news release.

“Per person, per driver and per household -- we now have fewer light-duty vehicles, we drive each of them less and we consume less fuel than in the past,” Sivak added.

Sivak and fellow researcher Brandon Schoettle also compile an average fuel economy report each month.

Contact Automotive News

Why do we not add the # gallons and Total Spent
on the initial fill-up in the Project Totals at the
bottom of your data presentation?

How do we determine the #days in the project?
One of the Octane Molecules we will study in Chapter 12

2,2,4 Trimethylpentane

What does this octane rating mean?
In your project conclusion describe what the octane rating means and what octane you use in your vehicle.

Premium: 91-93 Octane Midgrade: 89 octane Regular: 87 octane

Can you buy 100 octane gasoline?

The student above did a nice job, good data collected, good presentation (slightly different from what I outlined) and the totals make sense.
The student filled up every purchase (not necessary). But I have questions about the first line. Did he/she start the project October 7 or before
. Did he/she use the initial fillup and cost in the total gallons and total cost? The student earned 40 points out of 50 as she/he did not
due the projections not the carbon dioxide emmissions. Even though there is a question about the data he/she earned 40/40 for doing a good job.

Second Sample Gasoline Project Fall 2018

The above data just does not make sense. The student should have discussed this data before sending in the final project.
The student earned 30 points for data collection; but lost 10 points for the calculation and presentation.
The student earned 2 points out of 10 for the two projections. Total 32/50.

Third Sample Gasoline Project Fall 2018

This third project is excellent, the data is collected & presented.
The first line is not used in the totals.
The calculations and projects make sense. Grade 50/50

My Throw Away Car vs my Hybrid

My concept of driving with the increase cost of gasoline many years ago, was to have a car which gets at least 20 miles per gallon;
but spend approximately only 5 to 10 cents a mile on the cost of the vehicle. At $4 per gallon that is 20 cents per mile for gasoline
to drive plus 10 cents purchase cost per mile. At $2.00 per gallon and 20 mpg, the cost is 10 cents per mile for gasoline.
The federal government states that it cost the average tax payer 57 cents per mile to drive.
But that also takes in the cost of insurance, repairs, tires, etc. To be happy I need to spend only 30 cents or less per mile for gasoline and cost of the car.

In 1985, I purchased second last brand new car. It was a GM Tech 4 engine which got 27-37 mpg. Before that it was1963 when
I got my first brand new car which got 20 mpg car a VW Karman Ghia. My very first car was a 55 Ford coupe in 1958 which got only 8-10 mpg.
(Gasoline then was 14 cents a gallon. I got upset in 1962 when gas jumped to 17-18 cents a gallon and so I went for the 20 mpg.
Have a laugh, ,but think about it a 4 cent jump was almost a 30% increase.
Today that equates to $3 to $3.90. Remember minimum wage in 1962 was 40 cents an hour, which was $16 per week for a worker trying to just get by.

All the cars in between have been used from excellent to tired old beat-up cars. Sometimes,
I call them Throw Away Cars (Spend $1000 drive it 10,000 miles then throw it away: cost 10 cents per mile). (Put $1000 in repairs, then I had to get 20,000 miles before throwing it away)

Now what about hybrid vs total electric cars and the cost to operate?

If you do the math the cost of the vehicle outweighs the saving in buying gasoline. A year ago, gas was at an all-time low in January 2017 for the last 20 years at under $2.00, so the small savings will not out weight the cost of the car. But we have seen a yo-yo running out of energy. Gas goes up 20 cents; then drops 10; then it goes up 20 cents and drops back 10. Now with the economy dumping the price has fallen from $2.80 per gallon to as low as $1.95 just this week. Say you spend $30,000 on a good hybrid, drive it 125,000 miles and then sold it for say $5000. So, $25,000 was spent to drive 125,000 miles which is 20 cents per mile. My Prius bought new in 2012 now has 124,000+ miles at a cost of $30,000 and the gasoline is costing between 4 and 5 cents per mile…so I barely win cost wise but the environment wins big with better yearly consumption data.

In your projections and summary portion of this project I included some national data to explain we are using far less gasoline than in 2007-2008. In my six years, 80 months using the Prius, I have used approximately 2500 gallons of gasoline (or 500 gallons per year) versus 5500 gallons if I had continued to drive my previous car, a police interceptor Crown Vic (or 1125 gallons per year). So, I have done my part in helping the environment, while not exceeding my 30 cent per mile idea (and I am driving a newer car)

If electricity is 12 cents per kWh — the national average (JEA 14.5 cents/kwh) — it would cost $3.48 to go 100 miles. At 20 mpg and $2.00 per gallon, then it would cost $10 to go 100 mile with gasoline. Another way to calculate cost is to use the number of kilowatt-hours it takes to recharge the EV's battery. If an EV requires 20 kWh to fully recharge and the rate is 12 cents per kwh, that's $2.40 to fill up the car (Nov 19, 2013) (JEA Rate is currently 14.2 cents per kwh and we do not variable rates depending on the time of day.) However, do we save the environment from CO₂? Do the research and find out how much CO₂ is emitted in a fossil fuel electric plant (like JEA) to produce on KWH. There is a power plant who has installed CO₂ scrubbers, but the system is turned off. Why?

I am very concerned about our environment. No matter how many mpg you get, every gallon of gasoline you burn produces almost 18.7 pounds of Carbon Dioxide into our atmosphere.

How much CO₂ is generated to produce One KWH to charge the batteries of a pure electric car or a plug in hybrid? Is it more or less compared to burning one gallon of gasoline. Address this issue in your summary paper (Projections)

2012 Toyota Prius-Ray Data Collected (Recovered May 2018)

Purchased car: May 1, 2012 Odometer 00004 full tank

Month One: May 2012

1^st fill-up: Hess-Orange Park 5/10/12
9.2 gallons $3.629 $33.25 odometer: 00389.4 42.7 mpg

2^nd fillup: Gate-Dunn 5/17/12
8.6_gallons $3.49 $29.80 odometer: 772

3^rd fillup-Shell @ Emerson 5/24/12
9.3 gallons $3.48 $32.25 Odometer 1142 371 miles 39.9 mpg

Gate-Dunn 5/29/12 fillup
2.66 gall0ons $3.389 $9.01 Odometer 1248

Gate-Dunn 5/31/12 fillup
3.25gallons ( $3.389) Odometer 1401 $11.00

BP-Ocala Return from Tampa 6/3/12 (not fil-up)
3.0 gallons $3.47 Odometer 1820 $10.00

Marathon-Ocala 6/3/12 (fillup)
6.7 gallons $3.239 $21.75 Odometer 1829

Total 42.7 gallons 1829 miles = 42.7 mpg

Total Spent $147.06 to date or 8.04 cents/mile

Crown Vic equivalence:

1829 miles divided by 20 = 91.49 gallons @ 3.44/gallon = $314.40

Saved $167.33 in month of May

Month Two: June 2012

Gate-Dunn 6/4/12
3.3 gallons $3.319 $10.90 1974 miles

Gate-Dunn 6/11/12
8.4 gallons $3.269 $27.51 2350 miles

Shell-Hodges 6/17/12
8.2 gallons $3.289 $27.00 2714

Gate-Dunn 6/26/12
8.9 gallons $3.179 $28.25 3107.5 miles

Gate-Dunn 7/2/12
3.2 Gallons $3.139 $10.00

Shell-Hodges 7/3/12
8.55 gallons $3.159 $27.01 3626.5

June Total 40.55 gallons 1797.5 miles = 44.33_ mpg $130.67 spent

2 Month Total 83.25 gallons 3625.5 miles = 43.54 mpg

Total Spent $ 277.73 to date or 7.66 cents/mile

Month Three: July 2012

Gate-Dunn 7/10/12
8.13 gallons $3.229 $26.25 3980.6

Shell-Hodges 7/17/12 lost ticket found 3/14
9.051 Gallons $3.259 $29.50 4364

Kangaroo Express 7/24/12
8.81 gallons $3.349 $29.58 4755

Gate-Dunn 7/26/12
3.07 gallons $3.339 $10.25 4867

Gate-Dunn 8/6/12
5.45 gallons $3.489 $19.02 5113f

New Total: 5113 miles

July Total 34.51 gallons 14.87.5 miles = 43.1 mpg $114.60 spent

3 Month Total 117.76 gallons 5113 miles = 43.4 mpg

Total Spent $393.33 to date or 7.67 cents/mile

Month Four: August 2012

Shell-Emerson 8/12/12
8.891 gallons $3.599 $32.00 5500f

Shell-Hodges 8/25/12 missing ticket AMX estimate
E8.70 gallons E$3.639 $31.67 5844

Shell-Hodges 8/25/12
8.205 gallons $3.639 $29.86 6210

August Total E25.80 gallons E1097 miles = E40.5 mpg $93.53 Spent

4 Month Total 143.6 gallons 6206 miles = 42.5 mpg

Total Spent $426.36 to date or 7.84_ cents/mile

Month Five: September 2012

Kangaroo 9/08/12
2.668 gallons $3.749 $10.00 6583

Shell-Emerson 9/12/12
9.059 gallons $3.699 $33.51 6688f

Gate-Dunn 9/17/12
3.973 Gallons $3.779 $15.01 7087 nf

Gate-Dunn 9/18/12
8.528 gallons $3.729 $31.80 7218 f

Gate-Dunn 9/21/12
6.157 gallons $3.679 $22.65 7478f

Kangaroo 9/29/12
4.415 gallons $3.629 $16.02

Sam’s Club 9/29/12
5.271 gallons $3.559 $18.81 7899 f

September Total 40.07 gallons 1689 miles = 43.15 mpg Spent $147.80

5 Month Total 143.56 gallons 7895 miles = 42.99 mpg

Total Spent $634.66to date or 8.04 cents/mile

Month Six: October 2012

Shell-Hodges 10/06/12
8.254 gallons $3.579 $29.54 8267 fr

Gate-Dunn 10/15/12
9.072 Gallons $3.639 $33.01 8657f

Shell-Emerson 10/19/12
7.288 gallons $3.499 $25.50 8977f

Shell-Emerson 10/24/12
7.590 gallons $3.399 $25.80 9311f

Hess-University 10/29/12
4.818 gallons $3.229 $15.56 9515f

October Total 37.022 gallons 1612 miles = 43.54 mpg Spent $129.41

6 Month Total 220.65 gallons 9515 miles = 43.10 mpg

Total Spent $764.07 to date or 8.03 cents/mile

Month Seven: November 2012

10,000 mile Service Coggan Toyota
11/2 Oil Change Pennzoil 0-20W Synthetic Tires Rotated

11/??/12 Missing Ticket E~7.6 gallons E$24.57

Sam’s Club 11/09/12
9.382 gallons $3.199 $30.01 10,244 f

Shell-Hodges 11/15/12
7.869 gallons $3.179 $25.02 10,590f

11/26/12 Gate-Dunn No f
4.590 gallons $3.269 $15.00 10,982 nf

11/29/12 Gate-Dunn f
9.401 gallons $3.249 $30.54 11208f

November Total 38.883 gallons 1693 miles = 43.54 mpg Spent $125.14

Grand Total 259.53 gallons 11,204 miles = 43.2 mpg

Total Spent $889.08 to date or 7.93_ cents/mile

Month Eight December 2012

12/3/12 Gate Dunn F
7.725 gallons $3.239 $25.02 11541

12/06/12 Shell-University F
6.601 gallons $3.249 $21.45 11840f

12/11/12 Gate Dunn f
9.415 gallons $3.189 $30.02 12261

12/15/12 Sam’s Club-Beach f
6.921 gallons $3.109 $21.52 12,572

12/30/12 Shell-West Palm Cruise almost F
9.013 gallons $3.439 $31.00 12,951

12/31/12 Sam’s Club Beach f
8.933 gallons $3.359 $30.01 13,282

December Total 47.897 gallons 2074 miles = 43.3 mpg Spent $159.02

Grand Total 307.427 gallons 12947_ miles = 42.11 mpg

Total Spent $1048.10 to date or 8.09 cents/mile

Month Nine January 2013

1/17/13 Sam’s Club Beach f
7.570 gallons $3.369 $25.50 13,633

1/20/13 7-11 Pasco f (Trip to Jenny-return)
8.586 gallons $3.319 $28.50 14,012

1/21/13 Shell-Emerson f (return from trip)
5.663 gallons $3.399 $19.25 debit 14,247

1/31/13 Shell-Kent not fillup
4.289 gallons $3.499 $15.01 14,667

2/3/13 Shell-Kent fill-up (AMX Miki)
8.294 gallons $3.499 $29.02 14,943

January Total 34.402 gallons 1661_ miles = 42.28_ mpg SWpent $117.28

Grand Total 341.829_ gallons 14,939 miles = 43.7 mpg

Total Spent $ 1165.38 to date or 7.80 cents/mile

Month Ten February 2013

2/13/13 Shell-University Almost fill
4.445 gallons $3.599 $16.00 15,079

2/17/13 Shell-Wesley Chapel no fill
3.004 gallons $3.789 $11.38 Debit xxxxx

2/19/13 Shell-US19 Palm harbor no fill
4.052 gallons $3.779 $15.31 Debit xxxxx

2/19/13 Shell-US19 Palm Harbor fillup
6.516 gallons $3.779 $24.25 Amx 16,xxx

2/22/13 BJ-Atlantic fillup
8.489 gallons $3.769 $32.00 16,054 debit fill-up

3/2/13Shell-Atlantic fill-up
7.146 gallons $3.779 $27.00 16,390 debit

February Total 32.652 gallons 1447 miles = 43.0 mpg Spent $115.94

Grand Total 375.491 gallons 16,386 miles = 43.64_ mpg

Total Spent $1281.32_ to date or 7.82 cents/mile

Month Eleven March 2013

3/8/13 Shell-University fill-up
5.573 gallons $3.699 $20.61 16,634 debit

3/11/13 Hess StRd54 fill-up
5.745 gallons $3.489 $20.04 16,894 debit

3/15/13 Gate-Dunn fill-up
8.773 gallons $3.649 $32.01 17292 debit

3/26/13 Shell-Costco Not fillup
5.510 gallons $3.629 $20.00 XXXXXX(not recorded)

3/28/13 Shell-Hodges Fillup
5.621 gallons $3.559 $20.01 17,797 debit

March Total 31.222 gallons 1407 miles = _____ mpg Spent $112.57

Grand Total 406.713 gallons 17,793 miles = 43.74_ mpg

Total Spent $1393.89 to date or 7.83 cents/mile

Month Twelve April 2013

4/10/13 Gateway-Dunn Fill-up
9.414 gallons $3.479 $32,75 18232 debit

4/18/13 Gateway-Dunn fill-up
7.861 gallons $3.409 $26.80 18583 Credit? Com First

4/23/13 Gateway-Dunn fill-up
6.365 gallons $3.379 $21.51 18,836 Debit-Com 1^st

4/28/13 Shell Daytona Beach –not fill-up
5.208 gallons $3.459 $18.81 xxxxx Debit-Com 1^st

4/29/13 Gateway-Dunn fill-up Debit Com 1^st
5.092 gallons $3.339 $17.00 19,315 Com First Debit

April Total 33.940 gallons 1518 miles = 44.73 mpg Spent $116.87

Actual One Year Totals: (May 10,2012-April 28, 2013)

Grand Total 440.653 Gallons 19,311 Miles 353 Days

Total Spent $1510.76 to date or 7.82_ cents/mile
Mile Per Day 54.7

2004 Volvo S80 Twin Turbo T6 Chris’s Car

March 2016 Purchased Car

3/?/16 Phillips Hwy 93 octane Visa new (no ticket in log book)
18.406 Gallons $2.499 $x.xx 109,400 fill (initial fillup of used car)

3/25/16 Circle K-Shell Tarpon Springs 93 octane Visa new
16.604 Gallons $2.499 $41.00 109,743 fill

4/14 /16 Car ideal 2 hrs at auction; 6 gal to get back to Jax?

4/08/16Circle K-Shell Tarpon Springs 93 octane VISA-new
19.112 Gallons $2.459 $47.00 110,665 fill-up

4/12/16 Shell-Gainesville 87 octane VISA new
17.972 Gallons $2.059 $37.22 111,072 fillup

4/16/16 Shell-Beach 93 octane VISA new
18,118 Gallons $2.539 $46.00 111,467 fill-up

1 week at body shop

4/28/16 Shell-Beach 93 octane VISA new
14.668 Gallons $2.659 $39.00 111,756 fill-up

April 2016 Total ____ gallons _______ miles = _____ mpg

Grand Total ________ gallons ___________ miles = ________ mpg

Total Spent $________ to date or _______ cents/mile

Data from May 2016 to present needs to be added here

During October 2018 my computer crashed. When I transferred my complete project through October 2018 I copied the wrong file and deleted the file with all my data. Later I found a file which had all my data through May 2016 so the first year of data above is what I collected. I have been trying to restructure all the missing data from my credit card receipts which do not show price and odometer reading

Students needing a project: (just 10-20 points as I collected the data)

1. you must complete the remaining calculations for each month from May 2012 through July 2016 plus calculate months to data where data has been found
2. You must complete the monthly data calculation for son’s Volvo. Data after the first month has not been included
3. There are missing or incomplete tickets, which must be estimated (I will help you with this)
4. Revise months 13-18; 19-24; 25-30; 31-36; 37-42 to add total miles to date; total gallons; overall mpg
5. Estimate equivalent cost; equivalent gallons used for the Prius versus
   the Crown Vic assuming same miles driven by Crown Vic—at 20 mph) and the 2004 Volvo with premium gasoline.
6. Show a yearly total for each of the four years with all the data collected and estimated and the current 4^th year
7. Compare CO₂ levels actually produced from new car versus old car Crown Vic
8. Do the estimates requested in the project for the 4 year total instead of one term.

An Alternative Project if you do not drive noir own a vehicle is to do a measurement of you primary electric demand. This project will be added to the project list as Project #2a if there is a request.

How much carbon dioxide is produced from U.S. gasoline and diesel fuel consumption?

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that in 2018, U.S. motor gasoline and diesel (distillate) fuel consumption in the U.S. transportation sector resulted in the emission of about 1,099 million metric tons (MMmt) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and 461 MMmt of CO2, respectively, for a total of 1,559 MMmt of CO2. This total was equal to 81% of total U.S. transportation sector CO2 emissions and equal to 30% of total U.S. energy-related CO2 emissions in 2018.¹

Under international agreement, CO2 emissions from the combustion of biomass or biofuels are not included in national greenhouse gas emissions inventories.² Therefore, estimates for the CO2 emissions that result from the consumption (combustion) of ethanol in gasoline and of biodiesel in diesel fuel are not included in EIA’s estimates of U.S. energy-related CO2 emissions.

How much of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions are associated with electricity generation?

In 2018, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the U.S. electric power sector were 1,763 million metric tons (MMmt), or about 33% of total U.S. energy-related CO2 emissions of 5,269 (MMmt).¹

CO2 emissions by U.S. electric power sector by source, 2018

Source	Million metric tons	Share of sector total
Coal	1,150	65%
Natural gas	581	33%
Petroleum	21	1%
Other^2	11	<1%
Total	1,763

¹ Includes CO2 emissions from the combustion of miscellaneous waste materials made from fossil fuels and by some types of geothermal power generation.